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Auditboard Case Study

Flaky Tests

May 14, 2024

AuditBoard’s mission is to cut down administrative tasks for your audit, risk, sustainability, and compliance teams by automating enterprise compliance risk management.

Pain Points

When developers pushed code, builds consistently failed due to flaky tests - often from different areas of the codebase, which led to hours spent troubleshooting tests for every code change. Strategies such as rerunning and retrying to triangulate flaky tests, compounded the problem over time. This was an untenable situation as the team grew, leading to a substantial decrease in the engineering team’s velocity.

Solution

The team turned to BuildPulse with confidence that they would not only automatically track flaky tests and their impact, but also provide workflows to automatically quarantine tests to reduce developer and CI time spent addressing flakiness.

Key Points

  • Auditboard’s engineering team faced substantial decrease in velocity from code merges impacted by flaky tests.

  • With BuildPulse, the quarantine process is blazingly fast, flaky tests are trackable, and their numbers are decreasing. Auditboard is now achieving cleaner results every night without additional noise.

  • By expanding BuildPulse to other parts of the software stack, Auditboard not only manages flaky tests, but also addresses broken and failing tests effectively.

  • BuildPulse helps increase engineering velocity, streamlines communication between team members, and automates test processes.

Auditboard reduced developer + CI time spent on flaky tests by integrating with BuildPulse.

Flaky Tests: Build vs. Buy

At first, the internal solution consisted of rerunning each test 10 times - code could only be merged if the tests passed. From there, failing tests were manually tracked across various test frameworks, and issues were created to assign ownership. Custom scripts were written to then skip captured failing tests. Due to the nature of flaky tests, identifying and cataloging them in a centralized location with a manual triage process became unmanageable as the number of tests and developers grew.

Without impact metrics, it was difficult to determine the level of internal resources and workflow changes required to resolve the problem.

All of this adds up in development and support cost for incidents in production. By utilizing BuildPulse, Auditboard was able to save on this cost - as well as the developer hours saved in triage and rerunning builds.

The key success criteria were:

  • Automatically identify and centrally catalog flaky tests

  • Metrics on flakiness and time consumed for prioritization

  • Test quarantining to mitigate impact until tests are fixed

  • Speed of implementation

“You need a tool to track flakiness, or you will spend a lot of time doing analytics and quarantining tests”

Dickson Wu, Director of Quality Engineering

Implementation

BuildPulse was up and running with test quarantining within a handful of days - the first set of flaky tests were captured immediately. The process consists of:

  • Monitor and send results to BuildPulse

  • Implement skip quarantine test logic built into the testing framework

  • Test it during releases with manual Jira ticket creation and quarantine during the release

  • Turn on automated Jira ticket creation and test quarantining - start using BuildPulse at 100% capacity


The following highlights Auditboard’s new flakiness workflow:

  1. Tests are run on PR builds, nightly builds, as well as before releases.

  2. BuildPulse skips quarantined tests, runs the remaining tests, and automatically detects new flaky tests.

  3. Manual quarantining is also done for broken tests pre-release.

  4. For each quarantined test, BuildPulse automatically creates Jira tickets and assign  tickets.

  5. Each ticket will trigger an investigation, either opening a bug, or fixing the test if it is broken.

  6. After the fix is merged and the Jira ticket moves to ‘done’, BuildPulse automatically removes the test from quarantine and re-enabled on the next build.

Outcome

BuildPulse has helped Auditboard minimize time spent collecting and triaging flaky tests, streamline communication between team members, and automate testing processes around resolution. Beyond flakiness, BuildPulse has also helped address broken and failing tests effectively.

FAQ

What is the difference between a flaky test and a false positive?

A false positive is a test failure in your test suite due to an actual error in the code being executed, or a mismatch in what the test expects from the code.

A flaky test is when you have conflicting test results for the same code. For example, while running tests if you see that a test fails and passes, but the code hasn’t changed, then it’s a flaky test. There’s many causes of flakiness.

What is an example of a flaky test?

An example can be seen in growing test suites - when pull request builds fail for changes you haven’t made. Put differently, when you see a test pass and fail without any code change. These failed tests are flaky tests.

What are common causes of flakiness?

Broken assumptions in test automation and development process can introduce flaky tests - for example, if test data is shared between different tests whether asynchronous, high concurrency, or sequential, the results of one test can affect another. 

Poorly written test code can also be a factor. Improper polling, race conditions, improper event dependency handling, shared test data, or timeout handling for network requests or page loads. Any of these can lead to flaky test failures and test flakiness.

End-to-end tests that rely on internal API uptime can cause test flakiness and test failures.

What's the impact of flaky tests?

Flaky tests can wreck havoc on the development process - from wasted developer time from test retries, to creating bugs and product instability and missed releases, time-consuming flaky tests can grind your development process to a halt.

What is the best way to resolve or fix flaky tests?

Devops, software engineering, and software development teams will often need to compare code changes, logs, and other context across test environments from before the test instability started, and after - adding retries or reruns can also help with debugging. Test detection and test execution tooling can help automate this process as well. 

BuildPulse enables you to find, assess impact metrics, quarantine, and fix flaky tests.

What are some strategies for preventing flaky tests?

Paying attention and prioritizing flaky tests as they come up can be a good way to prevent them from becoming an issue. This is where a testing culture is important - if a flaky test case is spotted by an engineer, it should be logged right away. This, however, takes a certain level of hygiene - BuildPulse can provide monitoring so flaky tests are caught right away.

What type of tests have flaky tests?

Flaky tests can be seen across the testing process - unit tests, integration tests, end-to-end tests, UI tests, acceptance tests.

What if I don't have that many flaky tests?

Flaky tests can be stealthy - often ignored by engineers and test runs are retried, they build up until they can’t be ignored anymore. These automated tests slow down developer productivity, impact functionality, and reduce confidence in test results and test suites. Better to get ahead while it’s easy and invest in test management.

It’s also important to prevent regressions to catch flakiness early while it’s manageable.

What languages and continuous integration providers does BuildPulse work with?

BuildPulse integrates with all continuous integration providers (including GitHub Actions, BitBucket Pipelines, and more), test frameworks, and workflows.

Combat non-determinism, drive test confidence, and provide the best experience you can to your developers!

How long does implementation/integration with BuildPulse take?

Implementation/integration takes 5 minutes!

What is the difference between a flaky test and a false positive?

A false positive is a test failure in your test suite due to an actual error in the code being executed, or a mismatch in what the test expects from the code.

A flaky test is when you have conflicting test results for the same code. For example, while running tests if you see that a test fails and passes, but the code hasn’t changed, then it’s a flaky test. There’s many causes of flakiness.

What is an example of a flaky test?

An example can be seen in growing test suites - when pull request builds fail for changes you haven’t made. Put differently, when you see a test pass and fail without any code change. These failed tests are flaky tests.

What are common causes of flakiness?

Broken assumptions in test automation and development process can introduce flaky tests - for example, if test data is shared between different tests whether asynchronous, high concurrency, or sequential, the results of one test can affect another. 

Poorly written test code can also be a factor. Improper polling, race conditions, improper event dependency handling, shared test data, or timeout handling for network requests or page loads. Any of these can lead to flaky test failures and test flakiness.

End-to-end tests that rely on internal API uptime can cause test flakiness and test failures.

What's the impact of flaky tests?

Flaky tests can wreck havoc on the development process - from wasted developer time from test retries, to creating bugs and product instability and missed releases, time-consuming flaky tests can grind your development process to a halt.

What is the best way to resolve or fix flaky tests?

Devops, software engineering, and software development teams will often need to compare code changes, logs, and other context across test environments from before the test instability started, and after - adding retries or reruns can also help with debugging. Test detection and test execution tooling can help automate this process as well. 

BuildPulse enables you to find, assess impact metrics, quarantine, and fix flaky tests.

What are some strategies for preventing flaky tests?

Paying attention and prioritizing flaky tests as they come up can be a good way to prevent them from becoming an issue. This is where a testing culture is important - if a flaky test case is spotted by an engineer, it should be logged right away. This, however, takes a certain level of hygiene - BuildPulse can provide monitoring so flaky tests are caught right away.

What type of tests have flaky tests?

Flaky tests can be seen across the testing process - unit tests, integration tests, end-to-end tests, UI tests, acceptance tests.

What if I don't have that many flaky tests?

Flaky tests can be stealthy - often ignored by engineers and test runs are retried, they build up until they can’t be ignored anymore. These automated tests slow down developer productivity, impact functionality, and reduce confidence in test results and test suites. Better to get ahead while it’s easy and invest in test management.

It’s also important to prevent regressions to catch flakiness early while it’s manageable.

What languages and continuous integration providers does BuildPulse work with?

BuildPulse integrates with all continuous integration providers (including GitHub Actions, BitBucket Pipelines, and more), test frameworks, and workflows.

Combat non-determinism, drive test confidence, and provide the best experience you can to your developers!

How long does implementation/integration with BuildPulse take?

Implementation/integration takes 5 minutes!

What is the difference between a flaky test and a false positive?

A false positive is a test failure in your test suite due to an actual error in the code being executed, or a mismatch in what the test expects from the code.

A flaky test is when you have conflicting test results for the same code. For example, while running tests if you see that a test fails and passes, but the code hasn’t changed, then it’s a flaky test. There’s many causes of flakiness.

What is an example of a flaky test?

An example can be seen in growing test suites - when pull request builds fail for changes you haven’t made. Put differently, when you see a test pass and fail without any code change. These failed tests are flaky tests.

What are common causes of flakiness?

Broken assumptions in test automation and development process can introduce flaky tests - for example, if test data is shared between different tests whether asynchronous, high concurrency, or sequential, the results of one test can affect another. 

Poorly written test code can also be a factor. Improper polling, race conditions, improper event dependency handling, shared test data, or timeout handling for network requests or page loads. Any of these can lead to flaky test failures and test flakiness.

End-to-end tests that rely on internal API uptime can cause test flakiness and test failures.

What's the impact of flaky tests?

Flaky tests can wreck havoc on the development process - from wasted developer time from test retries, to creating bugs and product instability and missed releases, time-consuming flaky tests can grind your development process to a halt.

What is the best way to resolve or fix flaky tests?

Devops, software engineering, and software development teams will often need to compare code changes, logs, and other context across test environments from before the test instability started, and after - adding retries or reruns can also help with debugging. Test detection and test execution tooling can help automate this process as well. 

BuildPulse enables you to find, assess impact metrics, quarantine, and fix flaky tests.

What are some strategies for preventing flaky tests?

Paying attention and prioritizing flaky tests as they come up can be a good way to prevent them from becoming an issue. This is where a testing culture is important - if a flaky test case is spotted by an engineer, it should be logged right away. This, however, takes a certain level of hygiene - BuildPulse can provide monitoring so flaky tests are caught right away.

What type of tests have flaky tests?

Flaky tests can be seen across the testing process - unit tests, integration tests, end-to-end tests, UI tests, acceptance tests.

What if I don't have that many flaky tests?

Flaky tests can be stealthy - often ignored by engineers and test runs are retried, they build up until they can’t be ignored anymore. These automated tests slow down developer productivity, impact functionality, and reduce confidence in test results and test suites. Better to get ahead while it’s easy and invest in test management.

It’s also important to prevent regressions to catch flakiness early while it’s manageable.

What languages and continuous integration providers does BuildPulse work with?

BuildPulse integrates with all continuous integration providers (including GitHub Actions, BitBucket Pipelines, and more), test frameworks, and workflows.

Combat non-determinism, drive test confidence, and provide the best experience you can to your developers!

How long does implementation/integration with BuildPulse take?

Implementation/integration takes 5 minutes!

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